Standard Test Methods for
Identification of Wire Side of Paper1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5039; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of the last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of the last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 The test methods describe procedures for identifying the
wire side of paper made on a one-wire four-drinier paper
machine.
1.2 It is desirable to have means of distinguishing between
the two sides because they generally differ in some physical
and chemical characteristics. It is not always possible to
identify the sides, particularly with coated and other surface-treated papers, certain high-grade papers made from well-beaten rag stock, and specialties made with variations in the
usual paper-making practices. If one procedure does not give a
definite identification, the other procedures should be tried.
Nevertheless, if any one of the following procedures gives a
the clear result, identification is established.
1.3 The procedures in these test methods are not applicable
to paper made on the cylinder, twin-wire, or other special machines.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 1968 Terminology Relating to Paper and Paper Products2
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Definitions shall be in accordance with
Terminology D 1968 and the Dictionary of Paper.
3
4. Summary of Test Methods
4.1 These test methods consist of a series of six procedures
found suitable for identifying the wire side of the paper, as follows
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